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Beta-Carotene

Beta-carotene can be converted into vitamin A in the body and for this reason is also called provitamin A. While the so-called preformed vitamin A compounds (see also: vitamin A) are found in animal foods, beta-carotene (as well as other carotenoids) is found in plant foods. Above all, yellow and green vegetables and yellow and orange fruits, especially carrots, spinach, pumpkin, red peppers as well as apricots and mangoes, are rich in beta-carotene. As a colouring agent, beta-carotene is used in a variety of foods and beverages. In addition, it is also added to normal foods for nutritional purposes, for example in so-called ACE drinks. 

Beta-carotene has an antioxidant effect. In addition, immunostimulatory effects have been described. However, the only function of beta-carotene that has been proven for humans is its vitamin A activity. According to the available data, beta-carotene intake via the diet in Germany is within the desirable intake levels of 2-4 milligrams (mg) per day mentioned by the nutrition societies.

In intervention studies, a daily intake of 20 mg beta-carotene in the form of supplements over several years led to an increased lung cancer rate in men and women who smoke heavily or work with asbestos. Whether a similarly high intake of isolated beta-carotene could also pose a risk for non-smokers has not yet been sufficiently investigated.

Proposed maximum level for the addition of beta-carotene to food supplements (per daily dose of an individual product):

In order to provide consumers with significant additional nutrient intake via food supplements when needed and at the same time protect well-supplied people from excessive intake, the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) recommends not adding more than 3.5 mg beta-carotene per daily dose to a food supplement.

7/11/2023

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